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7 de octubre de 2024
SOBERANÍA ENERGÉTICA
Gasoducto Kirchner: claves de una obra récord para la generación de empleo y dólares sábado 24 de junio de 2023 18:16
El 20 de junio comenzó el proceso de llenado del Gasoducto Néstor Kirchner, que quedará oficialmente inaugurado el próximo 9 de julio. Se trata de una obra clave para el desarrollo energético argentino y que permitirá llevar gas de la reserva Vaca Muerta, localizada en Neuquén, hasta el centro del país, con paso por la provincia de Santa Fe.
La puesta en marcha del gasoducto que se extiende desde Tratayén, en Neuquén, hasta la localidad bonaerense de Salliqueló, permitirá ampliar la capacidad de transporte de gas y hacerlo llegar a los centros de consumo, lo que posibilitará un ahorro anual de US$ 4.200 millones al año en sustitución de importación de gas natural licuado, combustibles líquidos y energía eléctrica.
La obra realizada en tiempo récord, no solo permitirá aprovechar la segunda reserva de gas no convencional del mundo (Vaca Muerta) y dejar de utilizar dólares para la importación de energía, sino que además incentivará a la creación de 10 mil puestos en la zona del yacimiento petrolífero.
Algunas claves sobre la importancia del Gasoducto Presidente Néstor Kirchner (GPNK)
La obra posibilitará incrementar la producción de Vaca Muerta y transportarla a los centros de consumo. Aumentará la disponibilidad de gas a precios competitivos para la industria, los comercios y los hogares. Este año se prevé que el gas que ofrecerá Vaca Muerta a través del GPNK permitirá un ahorro superior a los US$ 2.000 millones en importaciones, de acuerdo con cálculos oficiales, un monto que se podría duplicar a partir del 2024. Entre la construcción de la obra y la mayor producción de gas en Vaca Muerta, se crearán 10 mil puestos de trabajo directos y otros 40 mil indirectos. La expectativa es abastecer a Bolivia, sumar más gas a Chile, y también llegar a Brasil que, al igual que Argentina, sufren la declinación de la producción boliviana. “Nuestra balanza energética va a pasar de ser negativa este año a estar en equilibrio y de ahí empezará a ser positiva hasta un 2030 en que proyectamos ingresos por US$ 18.000 millones. El sector energético se va a consolidar como el segundo generador de divisas”, sostuvo la secretaria de Energía, Flavia Royón. Trazado
Con una extensión de 573 kilómetros entre Tratayén (Neuquén) y Salliqueló (Buenos Aires), la traza troncal del GPNK recorre las provincias de Río Negro y La Pampa con un caño de 36 pulgadas. Atraviesa 85 cruces especiales compuestos por ríos, rutas, líneas eléctricas y de ferrocarriles. En la obra se utilizaron más de 47.700 caños de acero de 12 metros de largo, que totalizaron un peso de aproximadamente 300.000 toneladas. Por primera vez se usaron en el país soldadoras automáticas, la tecnología más avanzada a nivel mundial que reduce los tiempos de obra. La obra se realizó en tiempo récord: 178 días desde la primera soldadura (el 16 de noviembre de 2022 en Salliqueló, Buenos Aires) hasta la última (el 11 de mayo de 2023 en La Pampa), período en el que se soldaron promedio 5 kilómetros de caños por día promedio en los tres frentes de obra. Con esta primera obra, Argentina no volverá a hacer compras importantes de GNL, de gas licuado desde otros puntos del mundo y, cuando esté terminada la segunda etapa, va a llevar a la Argentina a un autoabastecimiento de más de 95% La segunda etapa llevará el gas natural hasta San Jerónimo (400 km al norte de Buenos Aires) y sumará otros 17 millones de metros cúbicos diarios, lo que permitirá abastecer a centros urbanos e industrias del centro y norte del país y dará la oportunidad de exportar a Brasil y Chile.